Paul V. Coates–Confidential File

Paul_coates
May 20, 1957

The quality of mercy, according to an old-time scenario writer, is not strained.

But much as I dislike taking the man on at this late date, I am forced to argue the point.

Because I have just witnessed mercy at its mercenary worst.

I reported the incident yesterday.

I told of a young woman, who, while in labor of childbirth, was
released from a hospital here because her husband couldn’t meet the
institution’s last-minute demands for an additional $175 deposit.

The story was unique in the brazen tactics employed, but it was not unique in many other respects.

Because "money before mercy" is rapidly becoming the unwritten motto of many hospitals in this area.

I would never argue the right of a private hospital to make a profit.
It’s perfectly reasonable that such hospitals,  like other private
enterprises, should refuse admission to bad money risks–provided, of
course, that they don’t shut their doors on emergency cases.

It isn’t reasonable, however, that hospitals should discard their moral
obligations in time of emergency or after they have committed
themselves to service.

I have been warned on occasion, by reputed medical men, that generalizations are unfair in the hospital field.

Such warnings obviously are admissions that bad hospitals, as well as good hospitals, exist.

1957_0520_ad_garment

It’s a logical conclusion. And a realistic one.

But it’s a wrong one for leaders in the big business of hospital
administration to accept, without some effort to correct conditions in
those hospitals which are below standard.

Hospitals for years have been accepted as institutions of dedication.
As sanctuaries of the sick, they attracted dedicated people to staff
them.

Today, I am certain, they still do.

And that places the fault in the laps of those who make the rules: the administrators.

I was told recently about a man suffering numerous knife wounds who was
carried by friends into a nearby private hospital. His blood formed
puddles on the admittance room floor.

There was a doctor on duty, but no examination of the seriousness of the man’s wounds was made.

Instead, the clerk condescended to phone an emergency hospital.

When you check out this kind of a story, the answers are stock:

The clerk says it’s a hospital rule to pay in advance.

The director says that if it was an emergency, and he had known about
it, he certainly would have seen to it that the victim received
immediate care.

There are, however, some hospitals in the Los Angeles area which they
tell me do not require deposits from prospective patients. Among them
are Santa Monica and California hospitals.

Naturally, in cases which aren’t urgent, they estimate their fee and
ask if the patient can afford it. If he can’t, they recommend that he
go to the county.

I contacted George Peale, superintendent of California Hospital yesterday.

I asked him:

"Without a demanded deposit, doesn’t your hospital run a fairly heavy loss from patients who don’t pay their bills?"

"Our loss," he answered, "runs no higher than any other hospital’s."

I’m not familiar with California Hospital, but I’d venture a guess that its mercy isn’t prefaced by a dollar sign.

And I wish I could say that for every hospital.

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Confidential: Tells the Facts and Names the Names

The Mirror scores a jailhouse interview with L. Ewing Scott, plus one of Confidential magazine’s main informants, Francesca De Scaffa attempts suicide again. According to news reports, De Scaffa was so eager to be a Confidential source that she was willing to have affairs just to get information.

And in Mickey Cohen news, fallout from his televised blast at the LAPD and civic officials.

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Niseis’ Road Back

Mirror writer
Al Miyadi takes a look at the challenges facing the Japanese American community that has settled in Gardena.

May 20, 1957, Nisei  

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Neumann on the Mideast, Part 14

Note: In early 1957, The Times sent UCLA professor Robert G. Neumann
on a six-week tour of the Middle East. Neumann, who was later the U.S.
ambassador to Afghanistan and Morocco, wrote these stories upon his
return. His son, Ronald, is U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan.

Part 14, March 25, 1957

1957_0325_neumann

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Like gonesville

1957_ad_ella_fitzgerald_2

Ella Fitzgerald, "Angel Eyes"

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Cohen talks



"I killed nobody that
didn’t deserve killing. In all of these here killings there was no
alternative. You couldn’t call them cold-blooded killings…. It was
either my life or theirs."

   

Mickey Cohen
 

 

1957_0519_mickey_cohen_2
May 19, 1957
Los Angeles

I suppose in hindsight it’s easy to see why
interviewing Mickey Cohen on live television was a bad idea. But at the
time, as Mike Wallace admits, it seemed like a wonderful coup against
the competition.

If you don’t know anything about Cohen, you might not understand what
an outspoken and profane man he was. But Wallace certainly knew. And
those viewers who skipped Dr. Joyce Brothers on the "$64,000 Challenge"
experienced an obscene tirade from the little mobster.

Unfortunately, the original newspaper accounts give very little of
Cohen’s remarks except to say they were unprintable. "Cohen was
interviewed over a national ABC network show last night and admitted he
has killed at least one man in self-defense," The Mirror said. "He
hurled a series of unprintable charges against [Los Angeles Police
Chief William H.] Parker.

" ‘Gestapo tactics’ was the kindest phrase he used. The laws governing
libel and slander prohibit repetition of the charges in a newspaper,"
The Mirror said.

But some information can be gleaned from news accounts. In addition to
claiming that he had killed a man, Cohen said his gambling operations
once handled $600,000 in bets and that politicians needed him at
election time and allowed him to operate with impunity.

He also said: "My sources of power were higher than former Mayor Bowron’s and former Police Chief Horrall’s."

Former Mayor Fletcher Bowron, who had returned to the Superior Court
bench after being elected mayor in the 1938 recall of Frank Shaw, said
it was beneath his dignity to respond to Cohen’s allegations. Former
Chief Clemence B. "Jack" Horrall, who headed the LAPD during World War
II, said Cohen operated in the county rather than the city. "He tried
to operate in the city and we ran him out," Horrall said. "Cohen’s a
liar."

1957_mike_wallace
But ABC-TV made a critical error. Recall that this was before the days
of videotape. Instead, shows were preserved on kinescopes in which a
movie camera filmed images on a TV picture tube, and these were shown
on the West Coast three hours later.  Although ABC executives had no
idea what Cohen was going to say on the live show, they were well aware
of Cohen’s comments and decided to proceed with the West Coast broadcast three hours
later.

Former Mirror reporter Cliff Dektar, who was handling publicity for ABC in Los Angeles, recalls watching the show with The Times TV critic at the network’s studios:

"I hosted Cecil Smith, Times TV  critic
at the ABC TV Center executive viewing room, Prospect and
Talmadge.

"Outrageous, and the phone rang. It was lawyer in NY. l say
nothing (there is a reporter sitting next to me).

"Parker and
[Police Capt. James] Hamilton (the intelligence squad captain) gave ABC and WC head Earl Hudson
opportunity to cancel  WC repeat (kinescope) and get out trouble…Mr. Hudson
declined and Hamilton won a major slander suit against ABC.

"It was a most
interesting event…oh yes…took Cecil and his wife to dinner following."

Parker was furious, and turned down a network offer to respond on
Wallace’s show the next week. "That sort of thing is more insidious
than Confidential," Parker said. "You have to go down to the newsstand
to buy a magazine and you get this in your living room."

"As a police officer, I am used to being shot at. But how can a person
like Cohen be allowed to assassinate my character?" Parker said.

ABC issued an apology the next week, but the controversy continued.

Watch Mike Wallace’s interview about the Cohen incident.

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USC honors Mrs. Nixon

 

1957_0519_nixon

May 19, 1957
Los Angeles

In only the second time such honor was bestowed upon a woman since it
was established in 1932, the Asa V. Call Award was presented to Mrs.
Richard M. Nixon for bringing the greatest honor to USC.

Not that the busy wife of the vice president could attend the ceremony. The 1937 alumna was occupied with official duties, so the award,
named for the former USC trustee, attorney (Class of 1914) and
president of Pacific Mutual Life Insurance was presented to Mrs.
Mildred Younger, one of Mrs. Nixon’s friends.

And what are Pat Nixon’s duties? According to The Times, even though
she’s married to the vice president, she answers the doorbell of their modest, unpretentious home herself.
In fact, she not only answered the door when the wives of some new
congressmen came to visit, she was wearing
an apron and carrying a broom since they caught her in the middle of
house cleaning.

She’s also a full-time housewife and mother, The Times says, although
she gets babysitting help from Mrs. Clifford Moore (again, recall that
this is the era when married women didn’t have first names).

Other
indignities mentioned in The Times? Protocol prohibits her from
selecting the color of her inaugural gown until First Lady Mamie
Eisenhower decides on the proper
hue. Life is full of challenges for the "perfect size 10" Mrs. Richard M. Nixon, The Times says.

The good news is that she gathered with some fellow (and they were all
fellows) USC alums in Washington: Rep. James B. Utt of Santa Ana; Roger
E. Johnson of USC’s Washington alumni association; Sen. Thomas H.
Kuchel; and Francis D. Tappaan, former football star and Kuchel aide.

Bonus fact: In 1952, opera singer Nadine Conner became the first woman to receive the Call award.
Here’s the link to the Texas First Ladies Historic Costume Collection, where one of Mamie Eisenhower’s dresses is on display.

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Neumann on the Mideast, Part 13

Note: In early 1957, The Times sent UCLA professor Robert G. Neumann
on a six-week tour of the Middle East. Neumann, who was later the U.S.
ambassador to Afghanistan and Morocco, wrote these stories upon his
return. His son, Ronald, is U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan.

Part 13, March 22, 1957

1957_0322_neumann

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A little place called Viet-Nam

President Ngo Dinh Diem, assassinated November 1963

1957_0518_diem

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Pusher gets life

 

1957_0518_dope

May 18, 1957
Los Angeles

Gilbert M. Zaragoza, 21,
of
3322 Oregon St.
was led out of Federal court to serve the rest of his life
in prison, presumably thankful that he escaped the death penalty.

His crime? He sold two caps of heroin to one minor and 10 caps of heroin to
another juvenile, becoming the first man to be sentenced under the Narcotic
Control Act of 1956 signed by President Eisenhower.

According to a 1973 article from Contemporary Drug Problems:

In Los Angeles one Gilbert Mora Zaragoza, a near-illiterate; epileptic
Mexican-American addict, with an IQ of 71, was tricked into selling heroin to a
17-year-old bureau turncoat named Eddie Manguio. Zaragoza was 21 at the time.
Bureau spokesmen later claimed they were trying to make a case against an older
peddler for whom Zaragoza sometimes worked. But when the two youngsters botched
the situation Zaragoza was put on trial for his life.

  The jury which heard the case declined to recommend death; but on May 17, 1957, when Zaragoza came up for sentencing the judge [William C. Mathes], sometimes known as
  "Maximum Mathes," committed him for life without parole, commenting: "The jury
  gave you back your life. Now society should use your life to set an example
  for others." Subsequent applications to Judge Mathes to reconsider the
  sentence evoked only the comment that its severity "may have been some
  deterrent to others."

Five years later, President Kennedy commuted the life sentence to a 20-year
term. The Times apparently failed to cover the story of Gilbert Mora Zaragoza’s release from prison in 1970.

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Dave Pell

Dave Pell swings at the Shrine Auditorium.

1957_0518_dave_pell

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Shotgun slaying

 

1957_0518_welder

May 18, 1957
Alhambra

She was going to leave him, so she had to die. In fact, he killed all of them.

Marilyn Ockman, 25, and Sally, their 4-year-old daughter, were in the dining room of their home at 305 Date Ave., Alhambra, when Joseph T. Ockman killed them with a 14-gauge shotgun.

He went into the living room, opened the Bible to Exodus and left a note. Then the welder shot himself in the head.

"Sorry
I must kill my wife because she is evil," he wrote. "All three of us
are going to see the new world. I can’t live without Sally and Marilyn
because I love them too much. I hope the good Lord will forgive me for
doing this.

"Let God be the judge and jury."

Notice how close this is to 515 Elm.

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Matt Weinstock

Matt_weinstockd
May 17, 1957

Anyone who does any downtown strolling can’t help noticing the parade of shabby gentlemen lost in misfortune and alcoholism.

Most of them are obviously drifting aimlessly and hopelessly.

But many of them, beneath their ragged clothes, are bright fellows who,
despite having taken a wrong turn somewhere, have retained their old
sparkle. This select group is distinguished by a sharp awareness of the
score and their own plight.

Not long ago one of them wrote in with some pertinent, if cynical,
remarks about the desperate ironies of Skid Road. His return address,
when I tried vainly to reach him, was the Midnight Mission.

Now, another writes:

"Mr. D.L. Tremens lurks alongside of me, although I thought I had
dropped him when I lost the bottle on El Capitan in 1951. One of these
days, without duress and inspired only by a drink, which I usually
need, I will tell you about my many encounters titled ‘Citizens Versus
Panhandler,’ ‘Taxpayer Versus Intellectual Inferior’ or ‘How I Got the
Money,’ and other little things with which I often regale the few
persons with whom I am acquainted on the Sordid Road to Oblivion or
Who’s Got the 23 Cents?"

Pure poetry.

His return address proved to be the Union Rescue Mission, and he wasn’t there any more.

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Ain’t it Garand?

1957_0517_garand

May 17, 1957
Los Angeles

An otherwise unidentified author named James McLean writes a misty-eyed
farewell to the passing of M-1 Garand, recalling the day in 1941 that
his Army drill sergeant introduced him to the replacement for the ’03
Springfield rifle, the standard weapon of World War I.

No, neither the troops nor the sergeant liked the M-1, McLean writes.
The M-1’s rear sight had a wider aperture than the Springfield’s, which
made it less accurate. The M-1 had less kick than the Springfield, but
that was small compensation for the smashed right thumbs that soldiers
suffered until they learned to keep them out of the M-1’s operating
rods, McLean said.

Praising the superiority of the M-14 rifle, which allowed automatic or
semiautomatic fire, McLean says that although it may provoke grumbling
and complaints, replacing the Garand with the M-14 is just as
wise–and inevitable–as getting rid of the ’03 Springfields in World
War II.

If he knew, McLean certainly didn’t allude to the tinkering of Lockheed
engineer George C. Sullivan. Experimenting in the garage of his home on
Lake Hollywood Drive, Sullivan began building a rifle that wouldn’t be
so heavy on his hunting excursions. Substituting plastic and lightweight metal used
in aircraft whenever possible, Sullivan said, he drew the attention
of fellow "gun nuts" and Air Force Gen. Curtis LeMay. The AR-10 passed
the Springfield arsenal’s tests in February 1957, clearing the way for
introduction of the rifle.

 

1957_m16_2

Rechambered for .223-caliber rounds from the original .308 ammunition,
Sullivan’s design eventually replaced the M-14, which was discontinued
in 1964. The M-16 is still in use by troops that weren’t born when it
was invented.

 

400pxus_marine_m16a4

 

Iraq, 2005, courtesy of Wikipedia

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JFK’s Pulitzer

 

1957_0517_kirsch

1957_0517_kennedy
Times book critic Robert R. Kirsch is less than impressed with the
Pulitzer awarded to Sen. John F. Kennedy (D-Mass.) for "Profiles in
Courage, calling it "a rather astonishing choice."

"Courage" was an interesting book and well worth reading, Kirsch said. "But the Pulitzer Prize? What were the judges doing? Where were they when Bruce Catton’s ‘This Hallowed Ground’ was published?"

"There was no more scholarship in Sen. Kennedy’s book than one would
find in a memorandum researched by one of his assistants or by a
harried clerk in the Library of Congress. There was no more style than
an editorial writer achieves on a dull day. Perhaps the judges were
bemused by the sight of a senator writing a book and decided to award
an A for effort."

Ouch.

In college, which was the last time I delved into Catton’s civil
war histories, I found them absolutely unreadable: thick volumes of
impenetrable prose.  And Kirsch failed to mention that Catton had
already received a Pulitzer for "A Stillness at Appomattox." Don’t take
my word for it: Read the opening of "Hallowed Ground" courtesy of Amazon.com.

Now let’s have some fun and see Kirsch had anything to say about, oh, how about Richard Nixon’s 1962 book "My Six Crises"?

Hm. For some reason the review was turned over to veteran Times book
critic Marvin Seid. His verdict: "Six Crises" is a story told by an
unapologetic partisan; it will not, of course, please everyone. But
here is a story no one else could tell. Few who read it will be able to
deny that the Nixon who emerges from its pages is a man of dedication,
intelligence, political skill and–above all–guts."

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Hat squad

 

Straw_hat_1957

May 17, 1957
Los Angeles

Let the record show that there was once a time in Los Angeles when
something other than a backward baseball cap was deemed the height of
fashion in men’s hats. [I mean, guys, at least take them off in
restaurants–unless it’s a truck stop].

Although its origins are shrouded in the mists of fashion history, Los
Angeles’ straw hat season began in mid-May and ended in mid-September,
when felt hats returned. It was a practice that was embraced with
enthusiasm beginning by 1894 and lasted until 1967, when the last
holdout–Bullock’s–gave up the idea.

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The fashionable chapeau, 1906

Straw_hat_1923

Straw hat humor, 1923

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The ever-popular sailor, 1924

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An array of straw hats, 1930

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Love that puggaree band, 1935

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Miss Foreign Trade helps pick a hat, 1942

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Walter Slezak, 1953. Note the disturbing disappearance of a brim. This could get ugly.

Straw_hat_1960

Uh-oh. This is not a good look, 1960.

Straw_hat_1965_bullocks

Bullock’s, the lone holdout, 1965.Straw_hat_1967_bullocks

A dorky straw hat to accent the equally dorky wingtip loafers (are you kidding me?) from Bullock’s. Fashion doom, 1967.

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Neumann on the Mideast, Part 12

Note: In early 1957, The Times sent UCLA professor Robert G. Neumann
on a six-week tour of the Middle East. Neumann, who was later the U.S.
ambassador to Afghanistan and Morocco, wrote these stories upon his
return. His son, Ronald, is U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan.

Part 12, March 21, 1957

1957_0321_neumann_2

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Jack Smith

Jack Smith sets the scene for South Vietnam President Ngo Dinh Diem’s visit to Los Angeles.

1957_0516_vietnam

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Not on Netflix

 

Voodoo_woman_0516_2

"Voodoo Woman" Bad things happen when treasure hunters set foot in voodoo country. Look for Mike "Panic Button" Connors as "Touch Connors."  "This story has been done a thousand times instead of just a hundred and frequently much better." 

"The Undead" From Roger Corman. Bad things happen with a time-traveling lady of the evening. Look for Billy "Lobster Man From Mars" Barty. "Better than usual horror film."

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Paul V. Coates–Confidential File

Paul_coates
May 16, 1957

The story appeared in the Mirror-News about a month ago.

Venus Gonzales, 17, read it.

That evening, when her husband, Buddy, 21, came home from work, she showed it to him.

Both of them shuddered at the painful memories the story brought back.

It read:

"A
20-year-old woman filed a $1,000,000 damage suit today on grounds she
lost a child in stillbirth because a hospital refused its facilities to
her.

"Parkview Hospital, 1021 N. Hoover St., and the attending physician were named as defendants.

"Mrs. Roberta G. Carpenter and her husband, Wendell F. Carpenter, 25, painter of 1243 S. Mariposa Ave., charged the stillbirth occurred while the mother was being transferred from the private hospital to General Hospital.

"The
couple claim services were refused them when the father was unable to
raise $250 cash in order to cover increased costs of a cesarean
operation.

"They stated that they had already paid $125.

"The suit says that diagnosis showed the stillbirth occurred because of an oxygen deficiency due to slow or painful birth."

1957_ad_mamie

Two weeks before the article appeared, on March 25, Buddy Gonzales received a call at work from his wife.

"The labor pains have started," she told him.

"It was about 10 a.m. Buddy borrowed a friend’s car and rushed home.

He drove his wife immediately to the office of their family doctor–the same doctor who had been retained by Mrs. Carpenter.

After checking the young woman over, the doctor told Buddy to take her to Parkview Hospital for X-rays.

The young couple went to the hospital. The X-rays were taken. Then, they were told to go home and wait.

A
few minutes after they left the hospital, Venus complained of more pain
and bleeding. They returned to Parkview and she was placed in a bed.

It
was about 11:30. Buddy was becoming increasingly nervous. It was his
first experience at the difficult business of impending fatherhood.

And
to add to his apprehension, Venus, his wife, was a delicate little
girl, 3 inches under 5 feet tall–with a normal weight of 98 pounds.

While awaiting the X-ray results, Buddy returned the car he had borrowed.

Back again, he checked with the hospital desk to make sure his $100 deposit–made a month earlier–had been recorded. It had.

By noon, the X-rays had been studied and Buddy was told that a Cesarean section was necessary.

"That means," he was told, "that you’ll have to pay the hospital an additional $175."

The young man winced. But he said, "I’ll get it. I can get it in a week."

"I’m sorry," was the reply, "but you need cash. Now. Before we can operate."

A
hospital employee called the AFL, Buddy’s union, to see if he had
insurance to cover an additional expense. It took a while for them to
check.

Unfortunately, he didn’t.

At 1 o’clock, Venus was moved into the operating room. And Buddy was making phone calls to raise $175.

He used the pay booth and called friends and relatives until $3 worth of change had dwindled to 15 cents.

No luck.

Two o’clock had passed. So had 3 o’clock.

And Venus Gonzales was still in the operating room, ready for surgery.

Shortly before 3:30, she heard a man tell the nurse:

"Take her out because they haven’t got the money."

She was wheeled out and dressed again, and Buddy was told to rush her to General Hospital.

"If you want an ambulance," he was told, "it’ll be $35."

He
phoned his brother-in-law to hurry over with a car. Then he went to the
desk again, where $75 of his $100 deposit was refunded.

"A $25 charge for X-rays."

The brother-in-law arrived and he and Buddy helped Venus to the car. They sped to General Hospital.

And there, shortly afterward, Connie Lee was born–the first heir of Buddy and Venus Gonzales.

Here, perhaps, the story should end–with the hope that it won’t happen again.

But it doesn’t end.

It is a continuing policy, not only of Parkview but of most private hospitals in this area.

And tomorrow we’ll take a closer look at mercy–Southern California style.

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