- #courts 1907 1944 1947 Architecture art and artists Black Dahlia Books and Authors Cold Cases Columnists Comics Crime and Courts Downtown Film Front Pages Hollywood Hollywood Heights Homicide LAPD Mary Mallory Matt Weinstock Music Mystery Photo Paul Coates Photography Politics Sports Streetcars Transportation Uncategorized
Categories
- #courts
- #East L.A.
- #games
- #gays and lesbians
- #Jazz
- #Jim Murray
- #opera
- #video
- 1677
- 1781
- 1819
- 1823
- 1847
- 1852
- 1853
- 1855
- 1859
- 1862
- 1863
- 1864
- 1871
- 1872
- 1880
- 1881
- 1882
- 1883
- 1884
- 1885
- 1886
- 1887
- 1888
- 1889
- 1890
- 1891
- 1892
- 1893
- 1895
- 1897
- 1898
- 1899
- 1900
- 1901
- 1902
- 1903
- 1904
- 1905
- 1906
- 1907
- 1908
- 1909
- 1910
- 1910 L.A. Times bombing
- 1911
- 1912
- 1913
- 1914
- 1915
- 1916
- 1917
- 1918
- 1919
- 1920
- 1921
- 1922
- 1923
- 1924
- 1925
- 1926
- 1927
- 1928
- 1929
- 1930
- 1931
- 1932
- 1933
- 1934
- 1935
- 1936
- 1937
- 1938
- 1939
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943
- 1944
- 1945
- 1946
- 1947
- 1948
- 1949
- 1950
- 1951
- 1952
- 1953
- 1954
- 1955
- 1956
- 1957
- 1958
- 1959
- 1960
- 1960 Democratic Convention
- 1960 Republican Convention
- 1961
- 1962
- 1963
- 1964
- 1965
- 1966
- 1967
- 1968
- 1969
- 1970
- 1971
- 1972
- 1973
- 1974
- 1975
- 1976
- 1977
- 1978
- 1979
- 1980
- 1981
- 1982
- 1983
- 1984
- 1985
- 1986
- 1987
- 1988
- 1989
- 1990
- 1991
- 1992
- 1993
- 1994
- 1996
- 1997
- 1998
- 2001
- 2003
- 2005
- 2006
- 2007
- 2008
- 2009
- 2010
- 2012
- 2013
- 2014
- 2015
- 2016
- 2017
- 2018
- 2019
- 2020
- 2021
- @news
- A Kinder, Simpler Time
- Abortion
- Adolf Eichmann
- Adoptions
- African Americans
- Animals
- anorexia
- Another Good Story Ruined
- Architecture
- Art & Artists
- art and artists
- Art Seidenbaum
- Artist's Notebook
- Asians
- Ask Me Anything
- Aviation
- Baseball
- Batchelder Tile
- Black Dahlia
- Black Dahlia Book Club
- Blue Dahlia
- Blues
- books
- Books and Authors
- boxing
- Brain Trust
- broadcasting
- Broadway
- Budd Schulberg
- Caryl Chessman
- Cemeteries
- Changeling
- Charles Hillinger
- Chicago
- Chinese Massacre
- Christine Collins
- City Hall
- Civil War
- classical music
- Cold Cases
- Columnists
- Comics
- Coming Attractions
- Countdown to Watts
- Courts
- Crime and Courts
- Current Affairs
- Dance
- Death Rays
- Dodgers
- Donald Wolfe
- Downtown
- Education
- Elections
- Environment
- Eurasians
- Eve Golden
- Fashion
- Fashions
- Film
- Fire Department
- Fires
- Food and Drink
- football
- Forest Lawn
- Found on EBay
- Freeways
- Frightening Food From the 1940s
- From the Reference Desk
- From the Stacks
- From the Vaults
- Front Pages
- Futurism
- Genealogy
- golf
- Grim Sleeper
- Harbor
- Harbor Division
- health
- Heaven Is Here!
- Hill Street
- History
- Hollywood
- Hollywood Division
- Hollywood Heights
- Homicide
- Horoscope
- Hot Stove League
- Howard Rosenberg
- Immigration
- Interior Design
- Jack Smith
- James Curtis
- JFK
- Jimmie Fidler
- Judith Mae Andersen
- Keith Thursby
- L.A. Voices
- Labor
- Lakers
- LAPD
- Latinos
- Lee Shippey
- Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender
- Libraries
- Location Sleuth
- Long Beach
- Los Angeles Star
- Los Angeles Times Bombing
- Louis Adamic
- Main Street
- Maria Ridulph
- Marion Eisenmann
- Marion Parker
- Mary Mallory
- Matt Weinstock
- Medicine
- Mickey Cohen
- Middle East
- Millennial Moments
- Motor Sports
- Motorsports
- Museums
- Music
- Mystery Photo
- Native Americans
- New York
- Nightclubs
- Nuestro Pueblo
- Obituaries
- Olive
- One-Page Fact Check
- Pages of History
- Parker Center Cop Shop Files
- Parks
- Parks and Recreation
- Pasadena
- Paul Coates
- Pepe Arciga
- Philadelphia
- Photography
- Pico-Union
- Politics
- Preservation
- Queen of the Dead
- Radio
- Raymond Chandler
- Real Estate
- Religion
- Retro
- RFK
- Richard Nixon
- Robberies
- Rock 'n' Roll
- Roderick Mann
- Ronald Reagan
- San Diego
- San Fernando Valley
- San Francisco
- Science
- Seattle
- Second Takes
- Sports
- Spring Street
- Stage
- Streetcars
- Suicide
- Sunday Journal
- Sunset Strip
- Television
- Temple City
- Theaters
- Thelma Todd
- Tom Treanor
- Track and Field
- Transportation
- travel
- UFOs
- Uncategorized
- Venice Division
- Vietnam
- Walter Cronkite
- Washington
- Web/Tech
- Weblogs
- West Hollywood
- Wikipedia
- Witzel
- World War I
- World War II
- Zombie Reading List
- Zoom
- Zoot Suit
Archives
- October 2026
- September 2026
- August 2026
- July 2026
- June 2026
- May 2026
- April 2026
- March 2026
- February 2026
- January 2026
- December 2025
- November 2025
- October 2025
- September 2025
- August 2025
- July 2025
- June 2025
- May 2025
- April 2025
- March 2025
- February 2025
- January 2025
- December 2024
- November 2024
- October 2024
- September 2024
- August 2024
- July 2024
- June 2024
- May 2024
- April 2024
- March 2024
- February 2024
- January 2024
- December 2023
- November 2023
- October 2023
- September 2023
- August 2023
- July 2023
- June 2023
- May 2023
- April 2023
- March 2023
- February 2023
- January 2023
- December 2022
- November 2022
- October 2022
- September 2022
- August 2022
- July 2022
- June 2022
- May 2022
- April 2022
- March 2022
- February 2022
- January 2022
- December 2021
- November 2021
- October 2021
- September 2021
- August 2021
- July 2021
- June 2021
- May 2021
- April 2021
- March 2021
- February 2021
- January 2021
- December 2020
- November 2020
- October 2020
- September 2020
- August 2020
- July 2020
- June 2020
- May 2020
- April 2020
- March 2020
- February 2020
- January 2020
- December 2019
- November 2019
- October 2019
- September 2019
- August 2019
- July 2019
- June 2019
- May 2019
- April 2019
- March 2019
- February 2019
- January 2019
- December 2018
- November 2018
- October 2018
- September 2018
- August 2018
- July 2018
- June 2018
- May 2018
- April 2018
- March 2018
- February 2018
- January 2018
- December 2017
- November 2017
- October 2017
- September 2017
- August 2017
- July 2017
- June 2017
- May 2017
- April 2017
- March 2017
- February 2017
- January 2017
- December 2016
- November 2016
- October 2016
- September 2016
- August 2016
- July 2016
- June 2016
- May 2016
- April 2016
- March 2016
- February 2016
- January 2016
- December 2015
- November 2015
- October 2015
- September 2015
- August 2015
- July 2015
- June 2015
- May 2015
- April 2015
- March 2015
- February 2015
- January 2015
- December 2014
- November 2014
- October 2014
- September 2014
- August 2014
- July 2014
- June 2014
- May 2014
- April 2014
- March 2014
- February 2014
- January 2014
- December 2013
- November 2013
- October 2013
- September 2013
- August 2013
- July 2013
- June 2013
- May 2013
- April 2013
- March 2013
- February 2013
- January 2013
- December 2012
- November 2012
- October 2012
- September 2012
- August 2012
- July 2012
- June 2012
- May 2012
- April 2012
- March 2012
- February 2012
- January 2012
- December 2011
- November 2011
- October 2011
- September 2011
- August 2011
- July 2011
- June 2011
- May 2011
- April 2011
- March 2011
- February 2011
- January 2011
- December 2010
- November 2010
- October 2010
- September 2010
- August 2010
- July 2010
- June 2010
- May 2010
- April 2010
- March 2010
- February 2010
- January 2010
- December 2009
- November 2009
- October 2009
- September 2009
- August 2009
- July 2009
- June 2009
- May 2009
- April 2009
- March 2009
- February 2009
- January 2009
- December 2008
- November 2008
- October 2008
- September 2008
- August 2008
- July 2008
- June 2008
- May 2008
- April 2008
- March 2008
- February 2008
- January 2008
- December 2007
- November 2007
- October 2007
- September 2007
- August 2007
- July 2007
- June 2007
- May 2007
- April 2007
- March 2007
- February 2007
- January 2007
- December 2006
- November 2006
- October 2006
- September 2006
- August 2006
- July 2006
- June 2006
- May 2006
- April 2006
- March 2006
- February 2006
- June 2005
- May 2005
- April 2005
- March 2005
- February 2005
Steve Hodel to Mark Anniversary of Black Dahlia Killing
|
|
| Steve Hodel, whose father, Dr. George Hodel, has been turned into a serial killer franchise, will be appearing at the Los Angeles Police Historical Society Museum on Jan. 15, the 63rd anniversary of the killing of Elizabeth Short, nicknamed the Black Dahlia. Tickets for a VIP reception are $50. |
Posted in books, Homicide, LAPD
3 Comments
Matt Weinstock, Jan. 14, 1960
Anti-Togetherness
Newspapermen are there to get at what the subject has to say, even to prod him into saying something he hadn't intended. Whether his hair is mussed or there is egg on his coat or he gets aggravated at their questions is irrelevant. From experience, they feel they elicit the most from him when he is at ease, not under the eyes of cameras. TV MEN ARE THERE to get the story, too, but they're also looking for a show. They feel there may be added dramatic value in a man blowing his top when trapped into replying to an embarrassing question or gulping or sneezing or tugging at his collar or scratching his chin. Obviously the man most likely to succeed in making friends and influencing people, vital in an election year, is the best actor, one who remains unruffled and smiles an ingratiating if rehearsed smile, no matter what he is asked. A professional actor knows it's as easy to feign sincerity as it is to pretend to be surprised, terrified, happy or sorrowful. And so there's no togetherness in press conferences since the camera crews walked out on Gov. Rockefeller and Gov. Brown. If the TV men can't bring their equipment in the room while the pencil and paper boys are asking questions they're under the orders from New York not to play. ::
SUDDEN THOUGHT — Civilization is when you can't tell whether a roaring noise in the night is the sonic boom from a jet plane or the garbage grinder next door. ::
CLASS REUNION ::
TWO NORWALK deputy sheriffs who visit the nearby schools instructing youngsters in traffic safety were at McGee School in Pico Rivera recently demonstrating how long it takes a car to stop in an emergency. Deputy Lee Kerr gunned the car to 25 mph, stepped hard on the brake, then let the youngsters measure the distance required to stop — 43 feet. A surly fifth-grader looked at the measuring tape and exclaimed, "Aw, that car's rigged to slide farther than it should! It doesn't really take that long to stop!" So you see, it's not only a generation of vipers, it's a generation of unbelievers. ::
When the landlord hollered, the wife demanded an accounting of the C note. Trapped, he told her he'd loaned it to Carl, who needed it desperately to pay a bookie debt. The wife closed in on Carl, indignantly denounced horses and men, not necessarily in that order, with the result that Carl had to dig up another $100 or betray his pal. Sternest test of friendship Carl has ever undergone. ::
A MAN observed wandering a golf course, looking through binoculars at homes on the fringe of the fairways, was arrested recently as a burglary suspect. He denied he had any intentions. He admitted, however, he was a potential Peeping Tom. "But all I could see," he insisted, "were heads and TV sets!" ::
MISCELLANY — Profound quotation on a notice of Leon Saulter's exhibit (painting and sculpture) at 746 N La Cienega Blvd.: "The ultimate, which is the goal, is never attained, but searching for it becomes the art" . . . Pat Buttram on CBS Radio: "It's an adult western when the hero wears a .45 Colt and the heroine a 38 sweater." |
Posted in Columnists, Comics, Matt Weinstock
Comments Off on Matt Weinstock, Jan. 14, 1960
Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 14, 1960
Posted in #courts, Front Pages, Homicide, JFK, Politics
Comments Off on Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 14, 1960
Suspect Held in Girl’s Abduction, Killing
| Art Buchwald talks to Gregory Corso on the rise of the Beats. "This is going to be a great age," Corso says. "I can feel it. If we can only get some beatniks in the armies of the world we can burn down war."
An unidentified suspect is arrested in the kidnapping and slaying of 10-year-old Mary Lou Olson of National City. Her killing was never solved.
“It takes a brave man to walk in and assume the coaching job of the Los Angeles Rams. That man is Bob Waterfield,” Paul Zimmerman says.
|
| Jan. 14, 1960: “The presidential primary is an extensive and exhaustive ordeal which cheapens the quality of the discussion of national issues and puts an excessive premium on the arts of demagoguery," Walter Lippmann writes.
He adds, "At the best, these scattered and haphazard primary elections should be regarded, if and when the votes have been thoroughly analyzed, as samples of public opinion to assist the convention in making its final judgment. They should never, as Sen. Kennedy proposes, be treated as decisive." |
Posted in art and artists, books, Columnists, Homicide, JFK, Politics, Richard Nixon, Sports
Comments Off on Suspect Held in Girl’s Abduction, Killing
Of Race and Riverside
“In other words, so far as this city is concerned, during the year 1919 the white race was gradually approaching extinction, being second to the Indian….”
|
| Jan. 14, 1920: "Mr. Early admitted that he hugged and kissed the embryonic star as part of her stage education." |
The Miracle of Flight
Posted in Transportation
Comments Off on The Miracle of Flight
Matt Weinstock, Jan. 13, 1960
How to View Smog
The story states: "The smog cuts down the visibility, sure. The lowest it got was four miles at 9 a.m. It was back up to eight miles by 2 p.m. "There's even an explanation for our smog. 'It was just a lack of wind to blow the smoke away,' explained the weatherman. 'Usually we have plenty of circulation to keep it all stirred up, but it just didn't happen this morning.' " IT IS CLEAR from the above that we have taken the wrong approach to our smog problem. We keep talking and grousing about it when we should ignore it. From now on, let us pretend it isn't there. Perhaps the supervisors will appoint a Board of Sweetness and Light which will assure the eye-watering, nose-blowing taxpayers that they just imagine it. ::
WHEN A Manhattan Beach family returned from a New Year's weekend in the mountains it found this scrawled note on the front door: "Congratulations. You have won a 19-year supply of Christmas trees." Seemed like a harmless gag until the family found 19 tired trees piled in the back yard. Happens every year, although in the Hollywood version some diabolic alcoholic places an ad in a paper stating the innocent victim will pay for used trees delivered to his home. ::
::
ANDREW AND Virginia Stone constitute one of the most versatile husband and wife teams in motion pictures. He writes, produces and directs; she is the film editor. They also write the music for their productions, for instance, the title song for their recent opus, "The Last Voyage." ::
FOR PURPOSES of publicity, the Lanvin perfume people recently sent an emissary to the town of Hell, 58 miles east of Indio, to try to prevail upon the overseers, forked tail or not, to change the name to Arpege. The town, some will recall, is named occasionally in gag weather stories. You know, as hot or as cold as. ::
::
|
Posted in Columnists, Comics, Film, Hollywood, Matt Weinstock
Comments Off on Matt Weinstock, Jan. 13, 1960
Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 13, 1960
Posted in #courts, Columnists, Homicide, Paul Coates
Comments Off on Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 13, 1960
A Kinder, Simpler Time Dept.: Your Movie Columnist
Posted in Columnists, Film, Hollywood
Comments Off on A Kinder, Simpler Time Dept.: Your Movie Columnist
Watts Streetcars Are Crowded and Dangerous
Posted in Freeways, Transportation
Comments Off on Watts Streetcars Are Crowded and Dangerous
The Conquest of the Air
Posted in Front Pages, Transportation
Comments Off on The Conquest of the Air
Matt Weinstock, Jan. 12, 1960
Rainy Day
One came up with “the rain in Champlain falls mostly on the grain,” but he was shouted down — too contrived. Another suggested that “the snow on the Po falls mostly on the Po people,” but this was considered too sneaky. In fact, the only paraphrase conceded to be authentic was “the sleet in Crete falls mostly on your feet.” Hail, fog and mist also got a weak workout, to no avail. One brave fellow announced he was working feverishly on “precipitation” and his frustrated colleagues promptly shoved him out in it.
::
It is no longer notable when ad copy writers, seemingly dedicated to debasing the language, use another adjective as a verb. It is only a matter of degree. This one clearly is worse than the cigarette which “gentles” the smoke. To keep the record straight, the dictionary does list happy as a transitive verb but it also states this usage is obsolete. And it makes life awfully tough on teachers trying to jam a little grammar into the kiddies.
::
PAYOLA BLUES There’s no use in complaining, friends, When big stars, in scandal, are named; No matter how much we may protest, Even pictures are framed. –CARROLL VAN COURT
::
LIFE CAN BE particularly confusing to day workers, those hundreds of women who sleepily ride the early morning busses to go to different homes each day to clean, wash, iron, baby-sit or serve as maids. A matron phoned a friend in Westwood the other day and the maid answered, “Murray residence!” “No, Carter residence!” she quickly corrected herself. “Oh my gosh, it’s Friday!” she exclaimed, “I mean Brown residence!” Which was what the caller was sure she’d dialed.
::
Greg Richie, 4, was distracted the other night from his cartoon by the spooky sound of the strong wind. He listened a moment then said, “It’s all right, mommy, it’s only Wocket dyne!”
::
NOW AND THEN the notion takes hold that photographers aren’t really daffy, that they’re as normal as anyone else. But somehow they manage to prove otherwise. While waiting for some people in the news to arrive at International Airport, Jim Harris noticed the insurance machines all over the place and said to Bill Kiley, “If I ever go up in a plane, I’m going to take out lots of insurance. Then I KNOW the plane won’t crash — I never win anything!”
::
AT RANDOM — People wondering what to do with their used Christmas cards can do a good deed by sending them to the Rev. C. Walberg, Box 190, Redondo Beach. He’ll send them to children in Korea and Formosa . . . Basketball fanatics are muttering over what they consider inadequate coverage of the greatest sport of all. And if the SC-UCLA game this week doesn’t fill the Sports Arena they’ll make louder noises . . . Car salesmen are telling about the two auto thieves who met at a big West Side market. One said, “What are you doing here?” The other car thief replied, “Oh, I’m in the market for a new car” . . . The Department of Animal Regulation’s monthly bite report lists the year’s first ocelot chomping. |
Posted in Columnists, Matt Weinstock
Comments Off on Matt Weinstock, Jan. 12, 1960
Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 12, 1960
Bishop Sweet Daddy Grace, founder of 700 Houses of Prayer for All People in America and Cuba, dies at 234 W. Adams Blvd. Traffic Tickets Costly in Time
And I, as a taxpayer, agree with him. In fact, I think he’s just scratched the surface of the problem. You ask me, I say a full-scale investigation into the habits of city personnel is in order. From my casual knowledge of their department, I suspect that a lot more abuses of the eight-hour day will be uncovered. Have you ever considered, for example, the amount of time completely wasted by a motorcycle officer when he stops you for a traffic violation? Police brass will deny it, but I strongly suspect that the officers’ pattern of behavior is charted in a top-secret police manual and part of the compulsory instruction given rookies at the Police Academy. It’s too much to believe that all those men in leather jackets go through that same lengthy ritual by coincidence. The procedure is this: After motioning suspect’s vehicle to curb, officer parks his motorcycle 10 feet to rear. Officer dismounts with studied, deliberate nonchalance (15 seconds), casually inspects his bike (20 seconds), gives his front tire a critical kick (5 seconds). Officer then carefully removes his goggles (10 seconds) and his gloves, one finger at a time (2 seconds per finger, which in most instances amounts to 20 seconds). Officer then checks his two breast pockets, two slash pockets in uniform breeches, then right rear pocket, before locating citation pad in left rear pocket. (20-25 seconds allowable time. If less, officer should drop ballpoint pen long enough to make up difference.)
Then, make polite greeting to fit the occasion, e.g., “Good afternoon, Madam. Lovely day.” Or, “Good evening, Sir. Beastly weather, but I suppose we need the rain.” Allowing no more than 15 seconds for pleasantries, officer then proceeds to write ticket with dispatch. The cost of the entire operation to taxpayers is 3 min., 10 sec. Multiplied by the number of tickets a policeman is required to write every day, you can see that motorcycle officers are wasting much valuable time which could be far better spent in ferreting those Mafia rats out of their holes. Or at least, in patrolling the general vicinity of Rondelli's.. As far as the Fire Department is concerned, I’ve got no complaints, other than that at a very minimum expenditure, they could grease those poles so they’d get down a little faster. Caffeine Vacation As a Mirror News article on the situation pointed out yesterday, every minute costs. According to the article, two daily quarter-hour coffee breaks total up to the equivalent of an extra three weeks vacation a year. Add to this an average of three trips a day to the City Hall ladies room by each female clerk-typist for the sole purpose of straightening her seams, and it’s evident that we taxpayers aren’t getting our money’s worth. I’d also estimate that department heads waste at least three hours a week trying to convince their secretaries that their wives don’t understand them. This results not only in a serious loss of man-hours, but if allowed to go unchecked, it could result in office gossip, which naturally detracts from the general efficiency. In my job at the Mirror News, I’m entitled to the usual two coffee breaks. But I’ll tell you the truth. I’d rather pass them and take the three weeks all at once. You know, if it’s all right with my managing editor. Anyway, coffee keeps me awake. |
Posted in #courts, Columnists, Paul Coates
Comments Off on Paul V. Coates – Confidential File, Jan. 12, 1960
A Kinder, Simpler Time Dept.: Your Movie Columnist
| |
| Jan. 12, 1950: "Judy Garland has been out of 'Summer Stock' for the past few days due to illness. So, before those rumors get rolling again, here are the facts. I checked with other members of the cast, and they told me that Judy couldn't have been more cooperative during the entire picture. A series of strenuous dance routines has been draining her energies." |
Posted in Columnists, Film, Hollywood
1 Comment
Shrine Auditorium Burns to the Ground
“Ain’t It a Grand and Glorious Feeling?” by Clare Briggs.
An undated postcard of the old Shrine Auditorium.
Another postcard of the original Shrine Auditorium. |
| Jan. 12, 1920: "Shrine Auditorium, for more than 12 years an architectural and historical landmark and the largest hall in Los Angeles, was burned to the ground by a fire that started a few minutes before 3 p.m.," The Times says. The auditorium opened in 1907, but not in time for the city’s famous Shriners’ convention of that year. The second Shrine Auditorium opened in 1926. |
Posted in Architecture, Comics
Comments Off on Shrine Auditorium Burns to the Ground
Woman Blames Movie Violence for Attempt to Kill Family
| Jan. 12, 1910: Freed killer Alma Bell went to see a movie about a woman who stabs her boyfriend and attempts suicide. Afterward, she tried to shoot the family that had taken her in.
Nov. 17, 1909: Alma Bell is accused of killing her lover, Joseph Armes. She was found not guilty by reason of insanity.
Edgar S. Smith is struck by the propeller of his airplane.
Louis Paulhan flies 8.75 miles; Glenn Curtiss gets airborne in 98 feet. |
| Jan. 12, 1910: Glenn Curtiss "was the first to carry a passenger, taking up his manager, J.F. Fanciulli, for a flight of a mile, which he covered in 2 min., 6 seconds, his speedometer, patterned after wind gauges used by the weather bureau, registering a high speed of 55 mph.” |
Posted in #courts, Front Pages, Homicide, Transportation
1 Comment
The hassle between newspapermen and TV men over coverage of press conferences has reached an impasse and while the public doesn't particularly care, just so the news is covered, a basic difference is involved.
The thing about me you really ought to know is that I am ahead of my time.